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名词英语语法需要注意的几点与实战演练 1． 名词的数 1） 复合名词变为复数的规则 有主体名词的复数形式（lookers-on，passers-by等）和无主体名词的复数形式（grown-ups，go-betweens等）。 2） 集体名词的数 ①有些集体名词只能用作复数。如：cattle，police，people等。 注意：people意为“民族；种族”时有单、复数形式。 ②有些集体名词只能用作单数。如：machinery，furniture，jewellery，mankind等。 ③有些集体名词作为整体看待时，用作单数；指其中各个成员时，用作复数。如：class family，couple，audience，government，public等。 The whole family are watching TV now．全家人现在都在看电视。 His family is a big one．他家是个大家族。 3） 只能用复数形式的名词由两部分构成的名词：glasses，trousers, shorts，scissors，gloves，scales，compasses等。 4） the +姓氏的复数，表全家人: the Blacks, the Wangs 5） 具有双重特性的名词 (1)意义不同的可数和不可数名词 a room房间一room空间 a chicken鸡一chicken鸡肉 an experience经历一experience经验an agreement协议一agreement同意 (2)单、复数意思不同的名词 arm手臂一arms武器 brain脑一brains智力custom风俗一customs海关 force力量一forces军队 regard注意,关心一regards问候 time时间一times时代 work工作一works作品,工厂manner态度一manners礼貌spirit精神一spirits心情,情绪 content内容一contents目录loss损失一losses损失物condition状况一conditions条件 expression表达一expressions短语feeling感觉一feelings感情wood木头一woods树林 2． 名词的所有格 1） 表示两者或两者以上共同所有，在最后一个词的后面加’s；表示各自拥有时，每个名词后都要+s”。如Li and Ma’s room李和马共有的房间; Li’s and Ma’s rooms李和马各自的房间 2） 表某人家或店铺，诊所。如：Li’s李家，the doctor’s诊所；the barber’s理发店 3） 所有格除了用于有生命的物体外，也可以用于表示国家、城市等的名词。如： China's prosperity中国的繁荣 the country's plan国家计划 4） of所有格也可用于有生命的物体，用于名词较长或名词的定语较长时。 如：a story of a famous doctor一个名医的故事 the son of the man you iust talked to刚刚和你说话的那个男人的儿子 5） 双重所有格 “of +名词的’s所有格或名词性物主代词”称为双重所有格。of后的宾 语必须是人，而且是特指。如： an old friend of my uncle's我叔叔的一个老朋友 a play of Shakespeare's莎士比亚的一部戏剧 some houses of my grandfather's我爷爷的一些房子 实战演练 一、用适当的词或所给词的正确形式填空： 1. There are fifty-six __________________ (people) in China. 2. We need much ______________ (room) for all the furniture. 3. This kind of dress was popular in the ___________________ (1980) 4. ______________ (girl) students and _________________ (woman) teachers are in the majority in our school. 5. There used to be a lot of milu ______________ (deer) in China. 6. These are art _______________ (work) of the Tang Dynasty. 7. _____________ (child) shoes are on the second floor of this store department. 8. We can see many _________________ (editor-in-chief) present at the conference. 9. I had my hair cut short at the _____________ (barber) nearby yesterday. 10. On the whole, he was a ______________ (fail) in his life. 11. Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a _______ of exercise . 12. Now more and more people prefer to have a ______________ at home---a little dog, a cat or some other animals. 13. My parents always let me have my own __________ of living. 14. We volunteered to collect money to help the _____________ of the earthquake. 15. We all know that _______________ speak louder than words. 答案： 1. peoples 2. room 3. 1980s/1980’s 4. Girl, women 5. deer 6 works 7.Children’s 8. editors-in-chief 9. barber’s 10. failure 11. lack 12. pet 13. way 14.victims 15. actions 二 语法填空 Charles Pink was a young 1 (Canada) who had a good house and he knew how to enjoy himself. Every Saturday, he went to the theatre and 2 (party). His car was one of the best in his city. He had lots of money and one day bought 3 plane. He learned to fly and flying became one of his main 4 (enjoy). One day about thirty 5 (yearly) ago, he set off in his small plane on a trip across 6 (Mexican). At first everything went well, but when he was over the part of the country 7 engine of the little machine failed. Fortunately, Pink was flying at a good 8 (high) when the bad thing happened, and he had time to find a place to land. Below him he could see a number of 9 (field) which looked nice enough to land on, and he managed to bring his machine down on one of 10 . 答案：1. Canadian 2. parties 3. a 4. enjoyments 5. years 6. Mexico 7. the 8. height 9. fields 10. them 
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社会生活
